Mead's Milkweed
The Biological Survey at the University of Kansas is taking steps to help preserve the endangered plant Mead’s milkweed.
Mead’s milkweed has been listed as endangered by the Missouri Department of Conservation and listed as threatened by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service since 1988. Since then, KU faculty and students have been working on conserving the plant. The work went even farther last week at a symposium on the species, where the Survey took new initiatives with the federal agency in creating a recovery plan.
“One of the biggest things identified in the recovery plan is additional survey work,” Associate Scientist Craig Freeman said. “We know that there are other populations out there that will be discovered by survey work.”
Other plans in conserving the plant include researching it in labs to find out more about the DNA make-up and reproductive system.
“Our main focus is to understand the biology of the species better,” said Helen Alexander, professor in the department of ecology and evolutionary biology. “If we don’t understand the biology, we can’t do much about it.”
Another process the Survey is using is acquiring land throughout Kansas, Missouri, and Iowa where Mead’s milkweed is found. By buying this land, researchers can protect the remaining populations of the species still in existence.
“There are also conservation land easements where a land owner will give up development rights for a piece of ground and in exchange, they receive a tax break,” Freeman said.
Mead’s milkweed was first discovered in Illinois in 1843 by Dr. Samuel Barnum Mead. In Kansas, it can be found on the prairies in the east side of the state. The plant was placed on the threatened species list in 1988.
KU students are also helping with the conservation of Mead’s milkweed. Bernadette Kuhn, Courtland senior, has written her own version of a recovery plan, which she presented to the research team.
“I was looking more at what protection was available, in terms of taking care of what we already have,” Kuhn said.
Though Mead’s milkweed may not seem like an important or exciting plant, researchers are confident that they are doing the right thing by trying to conserve it.
“It’s important to realize that what we here at KU and in general care about is a much larger issue, which is biodiversity,” Alexander said. “If we can learn how to preserve this one species, where it does have federal protection, that will help us in the larger goal preserving prairie ecosystems.”
Dean Kettle, associate director of the KU Field Station & Ecological Reserves, agrees that preserving Mead’s milkweed is just one piece in a much bigger picture.
“You could say that by focusing on this plant, we are focusing on the overall problem facing our ecosystems,” he said. “I think it’s an overall indicator of the condition of the prairie.”
And all researchers agree that if Mead’s milkweed is to be saved, it has to start here.
“Ninety percent of the populations are in eastern Kansas and western Missouri,” Freeman said. “If we’re going to protect the species, it’s going to be done in this part of the world.”